![]() ![]() León and Liern (2012) provide the music of J.S. Indeed, many musical attributes are described by imprecise (or fuzzy) concepts, such as presto, forte, piano, andante, or allegro. For example, a slow tempo indication in a musical score can be interpreted very differently by different analysts or performers. ![]() Many musical concepts do not possess an absolute meaning, and composers, with a few notable exceptions, do not specify every detail about how their musical creations should be converted into sound. Several concepts in music are not absolute but rather relative and its terminology is not entirely precise. Music, although considered a science by many, is not an exact science, but rather a collection of qualities, ranging from the emotional to the intellectual in varying degrees ( Suiter, 2010a). Finally, we discuss the composition of Incerta, an acousmatic multichannel composition as a concrete example of the application of fuzzy concepts to musical creation. In this article, we discuss the application of fuzzy logic ideas to music, introduce the Fuzzy Logic Control Toolkit, a set of tools to use fuzzy logic inside the MaxMSP real-time sound synthesis environment, and show how some fuzzy logic concepts can be used and incorporated into fields, such as algorithmic composition, sound synthesis and parametric control of computer music. We propose that fuzzy logic is a very suitable framework for thinking and operating not only with sound and acoustic signals but also with symbolic representations of music. ![]() Despite the great recent success of other branches of AI, such as deep neural networks, fuzzy logic is still a very powerful machine learning technique, based on expert reasoning, that can be of help in many areas of musical creativity, such as composing music, synthesizing sounds, gestural mappings in electronic instruments, parametric control of sound synthesis, audiovisual content generation or sonification. 2Department of Electrical Engineering, School of Engineering, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chileįuzzy logic is an artificial intelligence technique that has applications in many areas, due to its importance in handling uncertain inputs.1Faculty of Arts, Music Institute, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile. ![]()
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